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Honestly, this is the kind of thing where there are so many possible benefits and so many possible drawbacks that without seeing them in place and how they work out, I can't tell.
Many people view computers as a Good Thing. I think of them as a tool; they're neither a plus or a minus, it depends what you need and use them for.
Plus: Access to textbooks, to the Internet and searches; access to greater reading materials and current events, and the ability to communicate via e-mail with others; the possibility of becoming computer literate and having that assist in the creation of a broader economic base, and train the kids for some sort of job.
Minus: They don't have textbooks or as many to hold--if the computer is broken, stolen, or sold, they're SOL. If the program falters, the computers lose their value, while textbooks would continue: you don't need up to date textbooks to teach math and reading. They may not have easy internet access: some countries where the computers would be most needed also have crappy infrastructure; the peer-to-peer pass-through wifi networking might quickly become peer-to-peer pass-through molasses as individual computers become crucial nodes in the chain. There's no guarantee that they'll have e-mail accounts. The kinds of jobs that require computers are not likely to be quickly forthcoming; many of the countries, moreover, are direct competitors--train the teenagers to have nifty computer skills, and in 10 years they have nifty jobs that used to be American (the upside is that they have a higher standard of living ... standards of living tend to even themselves out without borders to stop it). Another result may be a mass of young adults with low computer skills and raised expectations all after the same jobs, and unwilling to milk the yak or plow the manure under in the family garden. Reliance on the internet for information is, IMHO, a bad thing until a person's about 30. I've heard too many college professors complaining that their undergrad students cannot distinguish insanely inaccurate information from reasonable information; give kids a small set of books with an official imprimature, and you shelter them until they've at least accepted a core set of facts of agreed-upon reliability. This ignores the issue of censorship and informational restrictions, which obtains with printed textbooks as well as with the 'net; except that textbooks, by reason of their size and tendency to become outdated, tend to be a bit more sedate in their populism, nationalism, and ideological fervor.
Migration will cause the kids to relocate with the computer, or the population may expand: Either way, a net computer deficit. What do you do when you have 120 kids and 110 computers, how do you deal with the kinds of stresses that causes--require that all the computers stay in school? Force them to share ... with punishment if they don't? Likewise, if they break: they might get wet, overheated, or otherwise damaged.
While the computers may allow greater corpus support for minority languages, that also may not be a good thing since it'll decrease reliance on the local or regional language, and reinforce the use of English or another international language as the interdialect; OTHO, great exposure to the national languages might well assist the extinction of local languages while increasing their employability.
Computer games will ensue, in short order. A great time kill, when these kids surely have something better to do.
Let's just ignore the fact that I've typed so much in the last 25 years that my already bad handwriting is now only really legible to my wife, and that maybe 75% of the time. She's better at reading it than I am. I sent my parents my new address 15 years ago, and didn't hear from them for a few months--I was in a dorm, no phone. Turns out they couldn't read the address; it's worse now.
In short, I can't tell if it's a good thing or bad thing. It has great potential to go either way, or merely shift the status quo gently.
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