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So I am laying that out there, openly, that I'm not claiming any level of expertise. I'm trying to understand it.
I was raised "as a liberal." I got walloped over the head about that last year by a good friend, who is definitely left of where I was, and most assuredly NOT a libertarian. When I was prodding him for an explanation, he broke it into Classic Liberalism (John Stuart Mill, Tom Jefferson), Vernacular (Ted Kennedy) and neoliberal (shorthand for debt-leverage imperialism). Actually, I guess I didn't get walloped, in fairness to him, it was more like he put some bowls of food out in front of me and tip-toed away, to see if I was hungry. But it felt like a wallop, all the same.
Like I said, I'm still trying to understand it. I have the vague sense that the problem with liberalism is partly that it assumes everyone comes from equal history (and thus has an equal chance to be successful in the world). One of the problems with that is that people DON'T have an equal chance to be successful, because they aren't starting from equal places. I think I read here recently an estimate that 80% of the wealth that people have is generated from seed money they got from their family (college tuition, inheritance, land, etc). Everyone doesn't have that. Another portion of wealth comes from privileges people get because of race and gender. So a resume from Yolanda with a Detroit area code needs to be substantially stronger, with a higher level of education and more work experience, than a resume from Jacob in Grosse Pointe, in order to get hired for the same position. Liberalism ignores that reality, or accepts it at least, because the right to free/fair market capitalism is more important than true equality.
In my muddled nonacademic way, what's in my head is that conservatives believe people deserve what they manage to earn. The rest can go to hell. Liberals believe people deserve what they manage to earn, and the government owes the other poor saps a safety net that still keeps them in poverty and accepts inequality as part of their lot in life, but as long as they aren't starving or have access to basic medical care, the system is fair. Meanwhile, wealth is still drifting to the people at the top, land ownership is still being consolidated into the hands of the few, though perhaps not as quickly as the conservatives would like.
And conservatives and liberals feel it is right and just to manipulate world markets through the WTO or the world bank, both feel that meddling in the politics of other countries is somehow our "right," both feel that withholding food from other countries to pressure their leaders is moral behavior.
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