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I work at a medical practice management software company. Nearly all insurance claims are sent electronically to the insurance company from the doctor's computer system. The insurance company then sends back a rejection the next day. One or two people at the doctors office then have to spend hours on the phone to the insurance company trying to get them to pay a legitimate claim. Often, the doctor has to personally get on the phone to discuss the legitimacy of a procedure with some nurse, candy stripper or lesser medical professional at the insurance company. This is where horrific amounts of money are being squandered. We don't need a single payer system. We just need payers that pay what they owe without the stall tactics.
The current push is for all doctors to use electronic prescriptions. This should reduce the number of people being killed or injured because of a doctors poor handwriting or because of a severe accent when calling in a prescription. Also, if you don't have insurance, you probably shop around at a variety of drug stores to find the best price. You won't be able to get a drug interaction warning since the pharmacy won't have a list of all the drugs you are taking, just the list of drugs you purchased at that particular store. We have to interface with a prescribing system called SureScripts. We send the prescriptions to them and they send it to the pharmacy. I don't believe they do a drug interactions analysis at the moment, but they certainly could if they were in the mood to do so.
The Government is developing a electronic medical record system which they say they will provide to doctors for free. Unless it really sucks, companies like mine are going to have a hard time competing with that. It's already impacted my business as doctors aren't inclined to purchase software that will be available for free in the near future. So, just the software company that got the contract is making money off of it, not the rest of us.
As far as a full electronic medical record, doctor's won't use them unless they are forced to. It takes a lot longer to enter the information electronically then it does to just write it on paper. Time is money, so most doctors won't do it. Only if the government or the insurance companies require it will you ever see it happen.
Regarding a centralized chart for a patient, I can't help but think of the Seinfeld episode where Elaine goes to a doctor to have a rash treated and the doctor writes "Difficult" on the chart. After that, Elaine can't get treatment with any doctor in the city. A centralized chart makes Elaine's experience a possibility for all of us.
By the way, if you think any of your medical records are private, think again. If you have ever sued someone or been sued, the first thing the lawyers do is go after your medical records no matter how irrelevant they are to the case. Your lawyer will bitch about it but the Judge will always grant access. Even mental health records are not sacrosanct. The bar is higher for mental health records but not much. So, anything you tell your doctor can and will be used against you in a court of law. If your going to a shrink, I'd tell him/her you were uninsured, refuse to provide your Social Security Number and pay with cash so the lawyers wouldn't have a trail to follow, especially if you ever plan to become a conservative talk show host with delusions of grandeur.
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