discovermagazine.com/2006/nov/map-space-junk
People have been launching objects into space for almost 50 years, creating an ever-expanding orbiting junkyard. The United States now tracks more than 10,000 pieces of debris four inches wide or larger, but tens of millions of smaller fragments are also whizzing through space at speeds that can exceed 17,000 miles per hour, says Mark Matney of NASA's Orbital Debris Program. At such speeds, a collision with even an apple-size object could shatter a spacecraft into hundreds of pieces.
Tens of millions of trash pieces orbiting the Earth. Some of them are zooming faster than 17,000 miles per hour. Click to see a full-size version. (Image courtesy of NASA)
1 BLAME THE RUSSIANS
Many of these objects—ones that tend to loop in a long oval around Earth's poles—are transfer stages from old Russian rockets. Rocket bodies represent about a fifth of cataloged space junk, abandoned satellites another fifth. Functioning spacecraft make up less than a tenth of the orbiting total.
2 NEXT TIME YOU DROP A CALL . . .
Think of this ring, which contains geosynchronous satellites that travel with the planet so they always face the same site on Earth. When these stop functioning, their orbits drift into trajectories that can threaten other valuable instruments. Twice a day, the defunct objects tear through working spacecraft.