http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7512789/Stranger-from-Siberia-is-new-ancestor-of-man-claim-scientists.htmlA new "species" of caveman that lived alongside Neanderthals and early humans up to 50,000 years ago has been identified by scientists.
The creature known as X-woman and identified by DNA taken from a tiny piece of finger bone – is a previously unknown early human, or hominin, that came "out of Africa" one million years ago.
It follows the discovery of another human species, the tiny 'Hobbit' or Homo floresiensis, found in Indonesia in 2003.
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Dr Johannes Krause and colleagues at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Lepizig analysed the genetic material contained in mitochondria that provide power to cells and is passed only down the maternal line.
The analysis indicates this mtDNA derives from a previously unrecognised African migration distinct from the ones undertaken by the ancestors of Neanderthals and anatomically modern humans.
The findings published online in Nature show the creature shared a common ancestor with modern human and Neanderthal mtDNAs about one million years ago.
The age of the fossil also suggests this hominin species might have coexisted with Neanderthals and modern humans in that region of the world.
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He said: "Representatives of three genetically distinct hominin lineages may all have been present in this region at about the same time."
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He said: "Forty thousand years ago, the planet was more crowded than we thought.
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isn't Science wonderful! the more we know about our fore parents the better.