These groups are largely moved by the impulse of xenophobia. They have a profound fear and dislike of those they regard as ‘others’. ‘Others’ (in their mindset) are usually identified by some cultural badge or symbol of identity. Often, 'others' tend to be vulnerable minorities. This makes them an attractive target for social and cultural aggression. As targets, such ‘others’ may be victimized by random acts of ethnic violence. Targeting the vulnerable would seem to be an important step in the encouragement of lethal social behavior.
The xenophobic impulse is often indicated in the perspective of the individual and, in particular, the individual’s private motives. Individuals with such perspectives associate with others who are driven by similar impulses and feelings. In such associations, the private motives of these personality types are reinforced so that an opportunity is presented for people to overtly act on their private feelings and motives.
Such groups would tend to encourage the displacement of such private feelings, which touch on xenophobia or racism, on public objects. This converts the purely private motives into the domain of political concern.
In New York City, groups have targeted plans to build or refurbish a mosque two blocks from the World Trade Center tragedy. The Islamic group involved in this initiative is associated with the Sufi Islamic sect.
The Sufis are widely regarded as tolerant and peace-loving in creed. Indeed, they have been a special target of extreme Islamic fundamentalists. This issue has now sidelined critical policy issues of central importance to the nation (i.e., the deficit, education reform, environment, etc.). Indeed, there seems to be a spinoff, in that mosques elsewhere in the country are now subject to acute xenophobic attention as well.
More recently, the Conservative elite in Arizona passed a controversial immigration bill. At the back of this issue was the exploitation of the fear of a different ‘other’; the Hispanics. This has created a visceral electoral issue.
A significant number of politicians have jumped into the sectarian bandwagon. Are they racist and xenophobic? I do not think so. I do think that they are opportunistic. They know that sectarian fears and insecurities have electoral traction. Politicians are in politics to win. If they join the bandwagon, it is not that they are privately racist; rather, it is that they calculate electoral advantages. Once they win, sectarianism seems to vanish.
http://www.gainesville.com/article/20100826/NEWS/100829619/-1/news?p=3&tc=pg