The President xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxs described certain activitics of the National Security Agency xxxxxxxxxxxI am the Deciderxxxxxxxxxxxx("NSA") that he has authorized since shortly after Septcmber 1 1,200 1. As described by the President, xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Dick Cheney rocks xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx The purpose of these intercepts is to establish an early warning system to detect and prcvent another catastrophic terrorist attack on the IJnited States. The President has made clear that he will use his constitutional and statutory authorities to protect the Amercan people from further terrorist attacks, and the NSA activities the President described are part of that effort. Leaders of the Congress were briefed on these activities more than a dozen tlnies. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxI am Speedy Gonzalezxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx our national security." The President further explained that "the unauthorized disclosure of this effort damages our national security and puts our citizens at risk. Revealing classified information is illegal, alerts our enemies, and endangers our country." These critical national security activities remain classified. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxTerra Terra Terraxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx information.
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activities described by the President, remain in full force and effect. The unauthorized disclosure of classified xxxxxxxxxxxxNucularxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx briefings to the Congress on these activities in an appropriate manner. Any such briefings will be conducted in a manner that will not endanger national security. Under Article 11 of the Constitution, including in his capacity as Commander in Chief, the President has the responsibility to protect the Nation from further attacks, and the Constitution gives him all necessary authority to fulfill that duty. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxStay the course xxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxWe are spying on them over here so we dont have to fight them over therexxxxxx ("
. . . a national emergency created by attack upon the United States, its territories or possessions, or its armed forces."). This constitutional authority includes the authority to order warrantless foreign intelligence surveillance within the United States, as all federal appellate courts, including at least four circuits, to have addressed the issue have concluded. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxUndisclosed Locationxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx held that the President did have inherent authority to conduct warrantless searches to obtain foreign intelligence information. . . . We take for granted that the President does have that authority. . . ."). The Supreme Court has said that warrants are generally required in the context of purely donrestic threats. hut it expressly distinguished,foreign threats. See United States v. United States District Court xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxTerraxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx the authority to conduct warrantless surveillance for national security purposes, and a warrant is unnecessary "if the President of the United States or his chief legal officer, the Attorney General, has considered the requirements of national security and authorized electronic surveillance as reasonable." Katz v. United States, 389 U.S. 347, 363-64 xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxCut and RunxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxMission Accomplishedxxxxxxxxxxx. The AUMF authorizes the President "to use all necessary and appropriate force against those nations, organizations, or persons he determines planned, authorized, committed, or aided the terrorist attacks of September 1 1, 2001, . . . xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxMuslim Extremistsxxxxxxxxxxxxxx "render it both necessary and appropriate that the United States exercise its rights to self-defense and to protect United States citizens both at home and abroad"). The AUMF cannot be read as limited to authorizing the use of force against Afghanistan