From Open Left:
By dropping their Social Security bombshells early without moderation from others on the commission, the co-chairs engaged in a strong-arm negotiating tactic known as 'anchoring.' Anchoring is the process whereby a number, no matter how absurd, influences us in negotiations or anywhere else we have to set a price or estimate value. This was the subject of a recent book, Priceless: The Myth of Fair Value and How to Take Advantage of it from which the following excerpt is drawn:
Scientists have replicated the anchoring experiment with many variations. You do not need a wheel of fortune, or a random number to have anchoring. You don't even need a reasonable number. Psychologist George Quattrone tried these questions:
• Is the average temperature in San Francisco higher or lower than 558 degrees Fahrenheit? What is the average temperature of San Francisco?
• How many top-ten records did the Beatles release - more than 100,025 or less than 100,025? Now give your estimate of the number of top-ten Beatles records?
These numbers are completely wacko. You'd think they couldn't possibly affect guesses about how warm San Francisco is, or how many top-ten Beatles records there were...except that they did. People primed with these and other absurdly high anchors gave higher estimates than those who received low anchors.
And so we too have now been primed with an absurdly high, wacko price to balance the budget in the form of the Catfood Comission's proposals to 'reform' Social Security.
...
So what would researchers of the anchoring phenomenon recommend to us here?
One of the worst things that can happen in a negotiation is for the other side to open with a wholly unacceptable number. In such situations, Max Bazerman and Margaret Neale believe it's necessary to "reanchor" - to demand a fresh start. In their Negotiating Rationally (1992), a popular text in MBA courses, they warn, "Responding to an initial offer with suggested adjustments gives the anchor some measure of credibility...Threatening to walk away from the table is better than agreeing to an unacceptable starting point."
http://openleft.com/diary/20829/negotiating-the-catfood-commission-dont-touch-their-proposals-demand-a-fresh-start