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Not against what you think their argument is.
Sometimes it's hard to even know what the argument actually is: Many Americans have this nasty habit of "feeling" their way towards answers rather than "thinking" through problems; they like to to emote and not reason.
There's also the complication that you have to watch out because "they" don't have an argument, "they" are legion and have nearly as many arguments. Doctors should first observe, then diagnose, then treat.
So. . . Some argue against federal financing, but allow local financing of some things. Schools, for example. Or they don't want local or federal financing for roads but state-level financing. They often have quite coherent arguments for where the funding should originate. "They", being plural, usually have numerous arguments for each of these things, depending who, exactly, you talk to. It's like DU: Saying that "DU believes X" is a very, very foolish thing to say about most topics. This isn't a DU-specific problem, it's a common problem. One shared by all.
Then there's the issue of the "common good," a frequently invoked principle. It started off with a specific meaning of "common"--which involved *everybody* and not just some. It didn't mean "average" or "frequent." If goods are held in common, everybody has access to them. The meaning's shifted. It really shifted in the '30s, but the process started after that and continues to this day. A lot of the biggest dissents in American politics come from polysemy, where a given word has multiple meanings--and with many arguing that unless you accept their changes to a word's meaning you're somehow heretical. This has always seemed backward to me, making the long-dead speaker somehow obligated to have always intended whatever the listener currently wants, not obligating the listener to understand what the speaker intended. It always seems that they want the moral force of and condioned assent to a long-established and generally accepted principle without the principle itself. I don't credit most "common good" arguments because of it, but I hear them made fairly often, esp. by those who insist on the revised meaning of the word.
For most people these days, the "common good" means "it helps somebody" or "helps commoners." That's not what it started off as. It started off as the kinds of projects and things that benefited everybody, that everybody, given their current status, could use. Defense, for example, defends everybody--perhaps I have less than some who would be defended, but I would be defended no less. Police, fire, military fall into this category. Roads, bridges and ports are an early example. Most arguers, I think, would also put water, sewage, probably the park systems and public libraries, and conceivably a few other things into the "common good"--if the funding situated at the right level of government. Veteran's benefits are paid as part of defense; a thank-you for service transmogrified into a right and don't figure into this argument for most people. The "right level of government" is important, because you want the tax base to be the part of the public that'll hold the improvement or service in common.
This view breaks down around the edges, mostly because reality is never quite so neat, there's seldom completely equal access or use or benefits. "Common" hides a multitude of variability.
Schools are on the slope: They don't benefit everybody so they don't directly serve the "common good," but they do serve a lot of people and provide the infrastructure that helps pretty much everybody; it's a kludge. The level of government where funding occurs matters.
Social Security and Medicare are further down the slope and lose supporters. Still, they benefit everybody, in some sense, even if the benefits are variable. Arguments to make them *not* benefit everybody would push them even further away from the "common good" argument, making it more of a "commoner's good" argument and more like Medicaid.
Lumping unlike things into a single question and then forcing them to be dealt with as though they were like things is a very nice rhetorical device and works on Americans that "feel" their way in problem solving. It fails the logic test, though.
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