here's part of an article from Art Business News in 2001
Consider the recent exhibit at the Orange County Center for Contemporary Art (OCCCA), which hosted an exhibit of vintage paint-by-numbers to rave reviews. Or the new, high-profile exhibit currently on view at the Smithsonian National Museum of American History, called "Paint by Number: Accounting for Taste in the 1950s." In addition, plans are in the works for an upcoming exhibit at the Chicago Museum of Science and Industry.
A Cultural Phenomenon
Paint-by-number, or PBN, was the brainchild of artist/designer Dan Robbins with the support of Max S. Klein, owner of the Palmer Paint Co., in 1951. Although earlier examples of PBN existed during the 1920s, these were marketed to children. Inspired by a story about Leonardo da Vinci assigning numbered portions of paintings to his assistants to complete, Robbins believed such a paint system could appeal to adults. The timing was certainly perfect: Following World War II, Americans experienced an age of prosperity and an abundance of leisure time. Millions moved to the suburbs, and signs of conformity were everywhere--from the mass-produced homes in housing developments to the shiny red Fords parked on the curbs. Why not standardize art as well? The numbered canvases, colour-coded to tiny pots of paint, guaranteed satisfaction.
Sure enough, PBNs caught on. With an average price of $2.50 a kit, popularity was so high that by 1954, 12 million kits by Craft Master, Masterpiece and other labels had been sold. Critics complained that more PBN paintings hung in Americans' homes than original works of art. Even Pop Artist Andy Warhol got in on the fun. During the early '60s, he created a series called "Do It Yourself" which were recreations of a paint-by-number style.
The craze peaked from 1953 to '55, but like all fads it began to fade by 1957 due to overexposure, according to Robbins, who is the author of Whatever Happened to Paint-by-Numbers?. Finished paintings soon ended up in basements, attics, trash cans and thrift stores, where they sold for as little as a nickel.
The New Appeal of Paint-by-Numbers
A yearning for the past plays a big part in today's craze for vintage PBN paintings. "The appeal is primarily nostalgic ... There's something uniquely post-war 1950s American that was typified by this stay-within-the-lines approach to art," said collector Larry Rubin of Miami, Fla. "I was attracted to them because they reminded me of the Venus Paradise pencil-by-number kits I did as a kid."
Rubin began collecting vintage PBN paintings about five years ago and has since amassed a collection of more than 300. He also publishes a national quarterly newsletter called "By the Numbers."
"Americana has been in for quite a while, and this is iconic ... You'd be hard-pressed to find someone who doesn't have some connection to the medium," he added.
Trey Speegle, the creative director of YM magazine in New York, has a collection of about 500 PBN paintings which he hangs according to theme in his 19th-century home. He caught the collecting bug after inheriting a collection of 250 from his friend, "Saturday Night Live" writer Michael O' Donoghue, who died in 1994.
"As a graphic artist, the graphic qualities of paint-by-number paintings really appeal to me. Some of them are quite intricate ... I like seeing them grouped together; then you see the diversity of the imagery and how beautifully they were designed," said Speegle, adding, "The designers who created PBN's were fine artists. Someone else would break down the colors."
Robbins feels part of the trend is due to the fascination of retro art by today's 20- and 30-somethings. "I think the renewed interest in PBNs has come a lot from a younger generation who has decided that paint-by-numbers are suddenly kitschy, a piece of Americana," he said.
Big Collections, Increasing Prices
"I've heard a statistic that there are more than 500 collectors of paint-by-numbers, and when I say collectors, I mean people who own more than 30," commented Robbins. Sure enough, every collector interviewed for this article owns a collection numbering over 100--most own an impressive 300 to 400 paintings, while Jamie Owen of Toronto owns a staggering 2,000 paintings. One explanation is that for years, PBN paintings were so undervalued that they cost the same as a piece of bubble gum.
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