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No Elephants Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Wed Feb-20-13 05:36 AM
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British PM regrets "deeply shameful" colonial Indian massacre


By Andrew Osborn

AMRITSAR, India | Wed Feb 20, 2013 3:49am EST

(Reuters) - David Cameron on Wednesday became the first serving British prime minister to voice regret about one of the bloodiest episodes in colonial India, a massacre of unarmed civilians in the city of Amritsar in 1919.

The killings, known in India as the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, were described by Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the Indian independence movement, as having shaken the foundations of the British Empire. A group of soldiers opened fire on an unarmed crowd without warning in the northern Indian city after a period of unrest, killing hundreds in cold blood.

Cameron's visit and expression of regret for what happened stopped short of an apology - but made it clear he considers the episode a stain on Britain's past.

Dressed in a dark suit, Cameron laid a wreath at a memorial to the massacre, a terracotta-colored stone obelisk. He then stood in front of the monument in silence for a few moments.

"This is a deeply shameful event in British history, one that Winston Churchill rightly described at the time as 'monstrous'," Cameron wrote in a visitor book, referring to the former British leader.

snip<[br />


By Andrew Osborn

AMRITSAR, India | Wed Feb 20, 2013 3:49am EST

(Reuters) - David Cameron on Wednesday became the first serving British prime minister to voice regret about one of the bloodiest episodes in colonial India, a massacre of unarmed civilians in the city of Amritsar in 1919.

The killings, known in India as the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, were described by Mahatma Gandhi, the father of the Indian independence movement, as having shaken the foundations of the British Empire. A group of soldiers opened fire on an unarmed crowd without warning in the northern Indian city after a period of unrest, killing hundreds in cold blood.

Cameron's visit and expression of regret for what happened stopped short of an apology - but made it clear he considers the episode a stain on Britain's past.

Dressed in a dark suit, Cameron laid a wreath at a memorial to the massacre, a terracotta-colored stone obelisk. He then stood in front of the monument in silence for a few moments.

"This is a deeply shameful event in British history, one that Winston Churchill rightly described at the time as 'monstrous'," Cameron wrote in a visitor book, referring to the former British leader.

The gesture, coming on the third and final day of a visit to India aimed at drumming up trade and investment, is seen as an attempt to improve relations with Britain's former colonial possession and to court around 1.5 million British voters of Indian origin ahead of a 2015 election.

Before his visit, Cameron said there were ties of history between the two countries, "both the good and the bad".

"In Amritsar, I want to take the opportunity to pay my respects at Jallianwala Bagh," he had said ahead of the visit. Cameron also visited Amritsar's Golden Temple, Sikhism's holiest shrine.

The British report into the Amritsar massacre at the time said 379 people had been killed and 1,200 wounded. But a separate inquiry commissioned by the Indian pro-independence movement said around 1,000 people had been killed in the city in Punjab.

Brigadier-General Reginald Dyer, the man who gave the order to fire, explained his decision by saying he felt it was necessary to "teach a moral lesson to the Punjab".

Some in Britain hailed him "as the man who saved India", but others condemned him. India became independent in 1947.

Many historians consider the massacre a turning point that undermined British rule of India. It was, they say, one of the moments that caused Gandhi and the pro-independence Indian National Congress movement to lose trust in the British, inspiring them to embark on a path of civil disobedience.

"MONSTROUS EVENT"

Other British politicians and dignitaries - though no serving prime minister - have expressed regret about the incident before.

In 1920, Winston Churchill, then the Secretary of State for War, called the Amritsar massacre "a monstrous event", saying it was "not the British way of doing business".

On a visit to Amritsar in 1997, Queen Elizabeth called it a distressing episode, but said history could not be rewritten. However, her husband, Prince Philip, courted controversy during the visit when he questioned the higher Indian death toll.

Before he became prime minister, Tony Blair also visited, saying the memorial at Amritsar was a reminder of "the worst aspects of colonialism".

In recent years, British leaders have begun to apologize for some of the excesses of the empire.

Visiting Pakistan in 2011, Cameron angered traditionalists at home saying Britain had caused many of the world's problems, including the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan.

When in office, Blair apologized for the 19th century Irish potato famine and for Britain's involvement in the slave trade, while Gordon Brown, his successor, apologized for the fact that British children were shipped to Australia and other Commonwealth countries between the 1920s and 1960s.

India's colonial history remains a sensitive subject for many Indians, particularly nationalists who want Britain to recognize and apologize for its excesses.

snip

In recent years, British leaders have begun to apologize for some of the excesses of the empire.

Visiting Pakistan in 2011, Cameron angered traditionalists at home saying Britain had caused many of the world's problems, including the Kashmir conflict between India and Pakistan.

When in office, Blair apologized for the 19th century Irish potato famine and for Britain's involvement in the slave trade, while Gordon Brown, his successor, apologized for the fact that British children were shipped to Australia and other Commonwealth countries between the 1920s and 1960s.

"We have been waiting for justice from the British and Indian government for 94 years," said Kapoor. "If they think it's shameful, why shouldn't they apologize?." He said he was disappointed that Cameron had not met some of the descendants of those killed who had come to talk to him.

Cameron has said the two countries enjoy a "special relationship", a term usually reserved for Britain's relations with the United States.

For now, Britain's economy is the sixth largest in the world and India's the 10th. But India is forecast to overtake its old colonial master in the decades ahead and London wants to share in that economic success.


http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/20/us-britain-india-amritsar-idUSBRE91J0AA20130220


Excesses of the Empire? Is that what the kids are calling it these days?


Mabye in a hundred years, we'll apologize for our excesses too. Then again, maybe not.




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Enthusiast Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Thu Feb-21-13 04:05 AM
Response to Original message
1. They have plenty to be ashamed of all over the globe.
They can start right next door in Ireland.
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No Elephants Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Feb-22-13 10:56 AM
Response to Reply #1
2. Well, they did come out in favor of self-determination.
In the Falklands.
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Enthusiast Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Feb-22-13 05:43 PM
Response to Reply #2
3. Did they?
Well, the Falklands are so small and so far away. It is cold as hell there. They probably also lack mineral wealth.
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No Elephants Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Feb-22-13 10:43 PM
Response to Reply #3
4. I should be more careful with my sarcasm, as well as with my typing.
Edited on Fri Feb-22-13 11:39 PM by No Elephants
The population of the Falklands is either all British or overwhelming British.

Far away or not, the British navy has gone there to keep Argentina at bay.

Residents of the Falklands voted overwhelmingly to be under the UK, not Argentinia.

The UK was very principled that self-determination by the people of the Falklands was the only way to go.

The empire of the willing?

I have watched a few PBS reality shows. In one, a modern UK family, two doctors, I think? moved into one of the stately British mansions for a time and lived a Victorian life, servants, food, the whole nine. A foreign dignatory of color was present at a social evening that was obviously staged by the producers. I don't think the hosts knew any of the guests.

Anyway, at some point, the group broke out into a rousing singalong of Rule Britannia. You should have seen the guest's face. Funniest moment of the series.
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No Elephants Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Fri Feb-22-13 10:46 PM
Response to Reply #3
5. Officially, the Falklands are collectively a British Overseas Territory ("BOT").
Edited on Fri Feb-22-13 10:47 PM by No Elephants
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Enthusiast Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Feb-23-13 07:45 AM
Response to Reply #5
6. If I lived in the Falklands I would
vote to remain a British Overseas territory.
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No Elephants Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Feb-23-13 10:52 AM
Response to Reply #6
7. No tango, gauchos or asada for you?
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Enthusiast Donating Member (1000+ posts) Send PM | Profile | Ignore Sat Feb-23-13 06:08 PM
Response to Reply #7
8. I could always slip over the border...ocean.
:hi:
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